Despite the increasing recognition of the long-term effects of radiation therapy on pelvic health, many healthcare providers remain inadequately trained to address these specific issues.

The management of patients with grade 2 – 3 glioma has recently become even more complicated due to incorporation of molecular findings for pathologic diagnosis, changing criteria for who is considered high risk, and variability in the use and choice of chemotherapy with radiotherapy.

With improved systemic therapy, the management of brain metastasis has become increasingly important. A number of immunotherapies and targeted agents have shown blood brain barrier penetration with a potential role in the upfront management of brain metastases and leptomeningeal disease.

Extended disruptions in treatment capabilities due to unforeseen events — such as cyberattacks or equipment failures — pose significant challenges for radiotherapy departments.

Recent landmark studies in melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), head and neck cancer (HNC) and sarcoma have established neoadjuvant immune therapy as a potential standard of care for patients with locally advanced cancers.

Locally recurrent HNSCC in the setting of prior radiation therapy is a challenging clinical scenario.