Although immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, the translation of immunotherapy-radiotherapy (IT-RT) combinations into the clinic has proven challenging.

Normal tissue dose-volume constraints are commonly used for lymphoma radiation therapy (RT) planning.

In the United States, the conventional approach to treating locally advanced rectal cancer has traditionally combined preoperative chemoradiotherapy, total mesorectal excision and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Pancreato-biliary cancers, mainly pancreatic cancer and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, are almost uniformly fatal malignancies with increasing incidence and poor prognosis even when diagnosed in the early stages of the disease.

Patient fertility and sexual complications have few data available from clinical trials. It is noteworthy that the subject is infrequently discussed in institutional peer reviews/ M&M unless there is a Risk Management overlay.

Radiation therapy-induced erectile dysfunction (RI-ED) occurs in over 50% of men treated for prostate cancer. The etiologies are likely multifactorial, consisting of a neurological, vascular and endocrine component.

Bone radiotherapy (RT) is a foundation of the discipline and represents a significant portion of many practices. The standard protocols for palliative RT (8Gy x 1, 4Gy x 5, etc.) were pioneered almost 50 years ago, when systemic therapies were far less useful.

Tumor phylogenetics (or cancer phylogenetics) is the scientific method used to consider cancer biology through the lens of computational evolutionary biology.

FLASH radiation therapy (FLASH-RT), delivered with ultra high dose rate (UHDR), may allow patients to be treated with less normal tissue toxicity for a given tumor dose compared with currently used conventional dose rate.